Similarly, on June 9, 1985, the Davis–Besse reactor in Oak Harbor, Ohio, went into automatic shutdown followed by a total loss on the main feed water at 1:35 am. The incident at the Three Mile Island nuclear facility in Pennsylvania on March 28, 1979, occurred because night shift workers failed to recognize the loss of core coolant water resulting from a stuck valve between 4:00 am and 6:00 am. The health and safety of the public demands a thoughtful, evidence-based approach to scheduling.Ī look at the time of occurrence of industrial and engineering disasters provides insight into a possible association between human error and circadian rhythm as it relates to shift work (see the box on this page). The unique physiological demands of rotating shift work and night shift work have the potential to negatively impact decision-making ability. In an emergency, public health and emergency management workers may be called on to make judgments and decisions that could significantly impact the health and safety of the public. The Director’s Emergency Operations Center at 8the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for instance, may activate a 24-hour response readiness unit that requires a designated lead group, of which the members typically work during usual business hours, to provide 24-hour staffing for the Director’s Emergency Operations Center on a short-term basis. Since September 11, 2001, and the consequent restructuring of the nation’s preparedness and response activities, public health workers are increasingly called on to “gear up” preparedness and response activities by activating a round-the-clock staffing schedule. For example, when a natural disaster strikes, emergency management officials mount an emergency response that requires 24-hours-a-day service rather than business as usual. WHEN EMERGENCIES ARISE, some organizations for which the work responsibilities are generally during business hours need to provide surveillance, advice, and consultation 24 hours a day.
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